Which statement best describes subsumption architecture?

• A. It uses a central controller to coordinate all actions
• B. It is identical to traditional AI
• C. It has no sensors
• D. It uses a layered design with multiple processors

Answer: (D)

Subsumption architecture organizes control as layered, parallel processes rather than a single central planner. Each layer implements a distinct behavior—such as obstacle avoidance, wall following, or goal pursuit—and runs independently on its own module or processor. Higher layers can suppress or override what lower layers are doing, so simple behaviors combine to produce more complex, robust robot actions without needing a heavyweight, centralized control loop. This setup emphasizes real-time responsiveness and resilience in uncertain environments because no single layer must anticipate every situation.

So the description that fits best is a layered design with multiple processors. It’s not centered on a single controller coordinating everything, it isn’t identical to traditional AI, and it does rely on sensors feeding the various layers.